Acute urethral syndrome (also called noninfectious cystitis) causes symptoms that are similar to those of a bladder infection but that continue for longer periods. It is not an infection. No bacteria or other microorganisms are in the urine.

The cause of acute urethral syndrome is difficult to determine. Possible causes include injury or irritation, allergies, stress, a disorder of the nerves, or problems with the immune system. You may be able to relieve symptoms of acute urethral syndrome by avoiding bubble baths and other irritants and not drinking citrus juices and caffeinated fluids.

Treatment includes:

• Anticramping medications.
• Biofeedback techniques to improve urination.
• Stretching the opening of the tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body (urethra). This treatment is controversial.